Although the essential is explained here, i will write a short version of “how to build the QSerialPort module on Windows 7″ (this seem to be changing very fast).
This module allows easy access to comunication between devices using a serial port.
I will assume tha Qt 5 is installed according to this description: http://gracianotorrao.com/2013/04/10/como-instalar-o-qt-em-windows-7/
#1 – Get the source code
Access the following URI: http://qt-project.org/wiki/QtSerialPort and search for the download link or click here.
Note that, in my case, the download was made to this folder C:\Users\Admin\Transferências.
#2 – Create a file structure for building
In the download folder, create a build folder named qt-qtserialport-build, in order not to change the content of the sources.
After that, we have something like this:

#3 – Build the module
After opening the console (run cmd.exe as administrator) go to the qt-qtserialport-build directory.
Then, once again, as administrator, type:
qmake ../qt-qtserialport/qtserialport.pro
mingw32-make
mingw32-make install
Note: You must have perl installed.

If this error happens, try downloading a 32 bits version, install it and reboot. Then, try the same steps.
Download Strawberry Perl 5.16.3.1 (32bit)
#4 – Test with a small example
You can use this one: QSerialPort – Como identificar um dispositivo de comunicação série
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